Chronic cough-The most common causes & proven things to do!

Introduction-

Let’s be real—having a chronic cough is exhausting. Imagine coughing non-stop for eight weeks or more. That’s what qualifies as a chronic cough for adults, and for kids, it’s four weeks. It can feel never-ending, and trust me, it takes a toll. 

Chronic cough affects about 3% to 18% of adults worldwide. Factors like smoking and age can play a role, but it’s not always that simple. Here’s the tricky part: sometimes, you can’t even pin it down to a specific disease. You could be coughing for weeks, and still, no clear reason pops up. And the worst part? Even with treatment, it might stick around like an unwanted guest. The sleepless nights, the constant exhaustion, the feeling that you’re bothering everyone around you—it’s more than just a cough. It’s a full-blown disruption to your daily life.

Yes, coughing is actually your body’s way of protecting you. It’s a reflex that helps clear your airways, keeping harmful stuff out. But when it becomes chronic, that same reflex can signal something deeper going on. Whether it’s linked to another condition or stands alone, a chronic cough is worth digging into. It’s not just your body “doing its job”—it’s a signal that needs attention.

Let’s dive into the Symptoms of Chronic cough, what causes chronic cough, how to deal with it, and most importantly, how you can take back control of your life.

Symptoms of Chronic Cough-When Does a Cough Become More Than Just a Cough?

So, when does a simple cough turn into something more serious? More often than not, chronic cough isn’t linked to anything dangerous. You might just deal with frustrating symptoms that disrupt your day.

Here are the more common signs of a chronic cough:

A stuffy or runny nose:

You might feel like you’re fighting a never-ending cold.

Postnasal drip:

That annoying tickle at the back of your throat that makes you constantly clear it.

Heartburn:

Acid reflux can sometimes trigger chronic coughing.

Sore throat or frequent throat clearing:

This can happen from constant coughing or irritation from postnasal drip.

• Fever: If you’re running a temperature above 101°F (38.3°C), it might be more than just a cough.

But there are times when the signs are more serious. If you notice any of the following, it’s time to contact a Cough Specialist Doctor:

• Weight loss without trying: Losing weight without effort could mean something else is going on.
• Coughing up blood or phlegm: This isn’t something to ignore. It could point to an infection or something more serious.
• Wheezing or shortness of breath: If breathing feels like a struggle, seek help.
• Persistent hoarseness: If your voice isn’t bouncing back, it’s worth checking out.
• Night sweats: Waking up drenched? That’s a red flag, especially if it’s happening often.

Understanding these symptoms helps you decide when it’s time to get serious about your cough. If any of these ring true, it’s probably time to get in touch with a doctor and dig deeper into what’s going on.

Common Causes of Constant Coughing – What’s Triggering That Persistent Cough?

Sometimes, figuring out the causes of constant coughing feels like solving a mystery. Many factors could be at play, so let’s break down the most common ones.

Allergies

If you’re sneezing, have watery eyes, and constantly coughing, allergies might be to blame. Pollen, dust, and pet dander can irritate your airways, leading to a lingering cough.

Asthma

For some, asthma is a major cause. It makes your airways narrow and swell, causing coughing, wheezing, and shortness of breath. In fact, many people with asthma also have chronic coughs.

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)

COPD, which includes chronic bronchitis and emphysema, can lead to a persistent cough. It’s usually tied to smoking and causes long-term damage to your lungs.

Nonasthmatic Eosinophilic Bronchitis

This condition causes asthma-like symptoms but without the typical airway narrowing. It’s another sneaky cause of constant coughing and often requires testing to diagnose.

Chronic Bronchitis

A form of COPD, chronic bronchitis involves a long-lasting cough that brings up mucus. It usually comes with shortness of breath and chest discomfort.

Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD)

When stomach acid flows back into your oesophagus, it can irritate your throat and cause a cough. Heartburn is a common sidekick here.

Upper Airway Cough Syndrome (Postnasal Drip Syndrome)

Postnasal drip, where mucus drips down the back of your throat, is a common culprit. It makes you feel like you constantly need to clear your throat or cough.

Medications (ACE Inhibitors)

If you’re taking ACE inhibitors for high blood pressure, they can cause a chronic cough. It’s one of the lesser-known side effects, but it happens.

Bronchiectasis

This condition involves the widening of your airways, leading to mucus buildup and a chronic cough. It’s often caused by infections or other lung conditions.

Postinfection

After a respiratory infection, you might be left with a lingering cough. Your body is still recovering, and it can take weeks for your cough to go away completely.

Neoplasm (Lung Cancer)

Though rare, a chronic cough could be a sign of lung cancer. It’s important to rule this out, especially if your cough is accompanied by weight loss or coughing up blood.

Interstitial Lung Disease (ILD)

ILD refers to a group of diseases that cause scarring of the lung tissue. This can lead to a chronic, dry cough and shortness of breath.

Diagnosing Chronic Cough – What Tests and Evaluations Will You Need?

When it comes to diagnosing chronic cough, it’s all about figuring out what’s going on beneath the surface. You might need a few tests to pinpoint the cause. Let’s look at the most common ones.

Lab Tests

Your doctor might start with some basic lab tests, such as blood work or checking your mucus (phlegm). These tests can help rule out infections or check for signs of allergies. For example, if your cough is triggered by allergies, your blood test might show elevated levels of certain immune markers. Lab tests provide clues that help your Cough Specialist Doctor get closer to the root cause.

Imaging Tests

Many times, your doctor might recommend imaging tests, like an X-ray or CT scan. These tests give a clearer view of your lungs and airways. If something like pneumonia or lung cancer is causing your chronic cough, these images will show it. Think of it like getting a behind-the-scenes look at your lungs. Imaging tests are especially helpful when your cough doesn’t respond to treatment, and your doctor needs a deeper look. Many times your doctor will also ask for a sinus x-ray and CT of the sinuses.

Getting the right diagnosis is key to finding the best treatment. Tests like these ensure nothing is overlooked.

Pulmonary function testing can give important clues to airway disorders if that is the cause for your chronic cough. 

More often than not especially in children asthma can present as only cough without breathlessness. So a PFT can easily diagnose your airway disorder if that is the cause of the cough. 

Chronic Cough Treatment – What Are Your Options for Relief?

Treating chronic cough can feel like peeling back layers, but there are several options to help you find relief. Here are some common treatments your doctor might recommend.

Decongestants

If your cough is related to postnasal drip, decongestants can help clear up congestion. They reduce the swelling in your nasal passages, making it easier to breathe. Think of it like unblocking a traffic jam in your nose, letting everything flow smoothly again.

Nasal Sprays

For allergies or sinus-related coughs, nasal sprays can work wonders. They help reduce inflammation and open up your nasal passages. Whether it’s an over-the-counter option or something prescribed, nasal sprays target the root cause of your chronic cough. It’s like giving your nose a direct hit of relief.

Steroids or Inhaled Bronchodilators

If asthma or another lung condition is causing your cough, your doctor might prescribe steroids or inhaled bronchodilators. These medications reduce inflammation in your airways, making breathing easier. Imagine it like opening a tight straw, letting air move freely.

Antibiotics for Infections

If an infection is behind your cough, antibiotics might be necessary. This helps kill the bacteria causing the issue, and your cough should improve as the infection clears. It’s like wiping out the bad guys so your body can heal.

Changing Certain Medications or Dosages

Sometimes, your medicine could be the problem. ACE inhibitors, for example, can cause a persistent cough. If this is the case, your doctor might adjust your dosage or switch you to a different medication. It’s a simple fix that can make a big difference.

Avoiding Certain Foods to Reduce GERD Risk

If GERD (acid reflux) is the culprit, avoiding certain foods can help. Spicy foods, caffeine, and large meals before bed can all trigger reflux, leading to a cough. Think of it as tweaking your diet to calm your stomach—and your cough.

Finding the right chronic cough treatment often involves trying different approaches. With the right plan, relief is possible.

How Can I Manage My Chronic Cough Symptoms?

Managing your chronic cough at home can make a big difference in your daily life. While your doctor will help with treatments, there are simple things you can do right away to feel better.

Gargle with Warm Salt Water

Gargling with warm salt water helps soothe your throat and clear away mucus. It’s an easy home remedy for constant cough. Imagine it like rinsing off the dust—it’s refreshing and calming.

Consider Taking Honey

Honey has natural soothing properties. A spoonful can coat your throat and calm a persistent cough. Plus, it tastes good!

Avoid Inhaling Dust, Smoke, or Other Pollutants

Try to avoid dusty or smoky environments. Pollutants can irritate your airways, making your cough worse. Think of it like staying clear of triggers that set off your symptoms.

Avoid Tobacco Smoke

If you smoke, quitting is essential. Tobacco smoke is a major irritant. Avoiding secondhand smoke is also important, as it can aggravate your cough.

Use Extra Pillows at Night

Elevating your head with extra pillows at night can help. This reduces the chance of acid reflux and postnasal drip, both of which can worsen your cough.

Try Cough Lozenges

Cough lozenges can temporarily soothe your throat and reduce the urge to cough. They’re like little lifesavers you can carry with you for relief.

Don’t Try Over-the-Counter (OTC) Cough Medicines

Over-the-counter medicines containing guaifenesin or dextromethorphan can HELP. But don’t consume on your own.

Guaifenesin thins mucus, making it easier to clear, while dextromethorphan suppresses your cough reflex. So your doctor would be the best person to decide which syrup will work for the same. 
Managing your chronic cough isn’t always easy, but these small steps can bring relief and make your day-to-day life more comfortable.

If Chronic Cough Goes Untreated

Leaving a chronic cough untreated can lead to more than just discomfort. Over time, the constant strain from coughing can cause other issues that might surprise you. Let’s break down what can happen if you ignore a persistent cough.

Headache/Dizziness

Frequent coughing can put pressure on your head, leading to headaches or even dizziness. Imagine coughing so hard that your head pounds afterwards. That’s how draining a chronic cough can be.

Urinary Incontinence

Coughing can also weaken your bladder control. You might find that coughing too much causes urinary incontinence, leading to leaks. It’s not something people like to talk about, but it’s a real issue that can arise.

Subconjunctival Hemorrhage

Ever noticed your eyes becoming red or bloodshot after a coughing fit? That’s called subconjunctival haemorrhage—a minor bleed in your eye caused by the pressure from continuous coughing.

Hernia

Coughing puts strain on your abdominal muscles. Over time, this pressure can lead to a hernia, where part of an organ pushes through a weak spot in your muscles. It’s a serious condition that often requires surgery.

Syncope (Fainting)

In rare cases, the force of coughing can make you pass out. This is called syncope, and it happens when your brain doesn’t get enough oxygen during a coughing fit.

These complications show why it’s crucial to address a chronic cough early. The longer it goes untreated, the more likely you are to develop these additional issues. It’s always better to treat the cause before it leads to something more serious.

Conclusion-

Living with a chronic cough can be frustrating and exhausting. It affects everything—from your sleep to your social life. But you don’t have to suffer in silence. The good news is that there are many ways to treat and manage it.

Whether it’s allergies, asthma, or another condition, finding the root cause of your cough is key. Once you know what’s triggering it, you can work with your doctor on a plan to get relief. Simple treatments, lifestyle changes, or medications can make all the difference.

Imagine finally getting a good night’s sleep or being able to talk without constant interruptions from coughing. That’s the goal. Don’t wait for things to get worse—take charge of your health. If your cough has been sticking around for a while, it’s time to address it.

Remember, your health matters, and so does your peace of mind. Let’s work together to find a solution and bring some comfort back into your life.

If you’re struggling with a chronic cough, reach out to a healthcare professional. You deserve to breathe easier and feel better every day.

At The Lung Centre Clinic, Dr Subramanian Natarajan, a cough specialist doctor in Mumbai and Dr Poonam Subramanian, a cough specialist in Thane offer compassionate, expert care for chronic cough. Their personalized approach ensures every patient breathes easier.

-Thanks!